vendor_payment_diff_amount/JOURNAL_ENTRY_STRUCTURE.md

4.8 KiB

Journal Entry Structure

Overview

This document explains how journal entries are created when using payment deductions.

Standard Payment (Without Deductions)

For a standard vendor payment of Rp 2,000,000:

Account                    | Debit         | Credit
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
Accounts Payable           |               | Rp 2,000,000
Bank Account               |               | Rp 2,000,000
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
TOTAL                      | Rp 2,000,000  | Rp 2,000,000

Wait, that's not right. Let me correct:

Account                    | Debit         | Credit
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
Accounts Payable           | Rp 2,000,000  |
Bank Account               |               | Rp 2,000,000
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
TOTAL                      | Rp 2,000,000  | Rp 2,000,000

Payment with Deductions (New Structure)

For a vendor payment of Rp 2,000,000 with deductions:

  • PPh 21: Rp 100,000
  • PPh 29: Rp 50,000
  • Final payment to bank: Rp 1,850,000

Journal Entry:

Account                    | Debit         | Credit
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
Expense Account            | Rp 2,000,000  |
PPh 21 (Tax Payable)       |               | Rp 100,000
PPh 29 (Tax Payable)       |               | Rp 50,000
Bank Account               |               | Rp 1,850,000
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
TOTAL                      | Rp 2,000,000  | Rp 2,000,000

Explanation:

  1. Expense Account (Debit Rp 2,000,000)

    • Records the full expense amount
    • This is the original payment amount
  2. PPh 21 (Credit Rp 100,000)

    • Withholding tax deduction
    • Creates a liability (you owe this to the tax office)
    • Reduces the amount paid to vendor
  3. PPh 29 (Credit Rp 50,000)

    • Another withholding tax deduction
    • Also creates a liability
    • Further reduces the amount paid to vendor
  4. Bank Account (Credit Rp 1,850,000)

    • The actual amount paid from bank
    • Equals: Original Amount - Total Deductions
    • Equals: Rp 2,000,000 - Rp 150,000 = Rp 1,850,000

Why This Structure?

This structure correctly represents the business transaction:

  • You incurred an expense of Rp 2,000,000
  • You withheld Rp 150,000 in taxes (which you'll pay to the government)
  • You paid Rp 1,850,000 to the vendor

The deductions are credits because:

  • They represent liabilities (amounts you owe to the tax office)
  • They reduce the cash outflow
  • They offset part of the expense

Example from Screenshot

Based on your payment PB5858/2025/00105:

Account                              | Debit           | Credit
-------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------
218401 AR Clearing                   |                 | Rp 2,000,000.00
611505 Telepon & Internet            | Rp 1,850,000.00 |
217101 PPh 21                        |                 | Rp 100,000.00
117104 PPh 29                        |                 | Rp 50,000.00
-------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------
TOTAL                                | Rp 1,850,000.00 | Rp 2,150,000.00

Wait, this doesn't balance! Let me check the correct structure...

Actually, looking at your screenshot again, the correct structure should be:

Account                              | Debit           | Credit
-------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------
611505 Telepon & Internet (Expense)  | Rp 2,000,000.00 |
217101 PPh 21 (Tax Payable)          |                 | Rp 100,000.00
117104 PPh 29 (Tax Payable)          |                 | Rp 50,000.00
218401 AR Clearing (Bank)            |                 | Rp 1,850,000.00
-------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------
TOTAL                                | Rp 2,000,000.00 | Rp 2,000,000.00

This is the correct balanced entry that the module will now create!

Multiple Deductions

You can add as many deduction lines as needed. For example:

Payment Amount: Rp 5,000,000

  • PPh 21: Rp 200,000
  • PPh 23: Rp 100,000
  • PPh 29: Rp 50,000
  • Admin Fee: Rp 25,000
Account                    | Debit         | Credit
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
Expense Account            | Rp 5,000,000  |
PPh 21                     |               | Rp 200,000
PPh 23                     |               | Rp 100,000
PPh 29                     |               | Rp 50,000
Admin Fee                  |               | Rp 25,000
Bank Account               |               | Rp 4,625,000
---------------------------|---------------|---------------
TOTAL                      | Rp 5,000,000  | Rp 5,000,000

Final Payment: Rp 4,625,000 (= Rp 5,000,000 - Rp 375,000)